A bunion is an enlargement of the first metatarsal phalangeal joint on the outside of the large toe.
The deviation of the joint is known as hallux valgus.
Causes
The cause is usually footwear that is too tight with inadequate arch support, and the regular wearing of high heels.
Signs and symptoms
- A bunion is initially painless, becoming painful as the toe displacement increases.
- There may be redness and some swelling.
- Motion of the joint may be restricted or painful.
- Hard corns, soft corns and calluses may develop on and between the large and second toe as a result of pressure from shoes.
Treatment
In the early stages, use of cushioning products to reduce pressure and wearing of comfortable, well-fitting shoes may slow or halt progress but cannot reverse it.
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